How can external fragmentation problem be solved in OS? - Answers

External fragmentation in an operating system can be mitigated through several techniques. One effective method is compaction, where the OS periodically rearranges memory contents to consolidate free space into larger contiguous blocks. Additionally, using paging or segmentation can help eliminate external fragmentation by breaking memory into fixed-size blocks, allowing processes to be loaded into non-contiguous memory locations. Lastly, employing memory allocation strategies like best-fit or buddy allocation can optimize space usage and reduce fragmentation.